Apolinario Mabini

Apolinario Mabini

Apolinario Mabini (July 23, 1864 – May 13, 1903) was a Filipino revolutionary leader, educator, lawyer, and statesman who served as the first Prime Minister of the Philippines. Known as the "Sublime Paralytic" and the "Brains of the Revolution," Mabini played a crucial role in the Philippine Revolution against Spanish colonial rule and the subsequent Philippine-American War.

Early Life and Education

Apolinario Mabini was born in Tanauan, Batangas, Philippines, to a poor family. Despite financial difficulties, he excelled in his studies and earned a scholarship to study at the Colegio de San Juan de Letran in Manila. He later attended the University of Santo Tomas, where he obtained a law degree in 1894.

Political Involvement

Mabini became involved in the reform movement against Spanish rule, joining the La Liga Filipina, an organization founded by José Rizal to promote peaceful reforms. After the arrest and execution of Rizal, Mabini shifted his focus to the revolutionary movement.

Role in the Philippine Revolution

During the Philippine Revolution, Mabini served as an adviser to Emilio Aguinaldo, the leader of the revolution. He was instrumental in drafting the decrees and proclamations of the revolutionary government, including the establishment of the First Philippine Republic.

Prime Minister of the Philippines

Mabini was appointed as the first Prime Minister of the Philippines in 1899. He also served as the Secretary of Foreign Affairs. His leadership was marked by his advocacy for independence and his opposition to American colonization.

Paralysis and Later Life

Mabini contracted polio in 1895, which left him paralyzed from the waist down. Despite his disability, he continued to be an active participant in the revolution. After the capture of Aguinaldo, Mabini was arrested by American forces and exiled to Guam in 1901. He returned to the Philippines in 1903 but died of cholera shortly after his return.

Legacy

Apolinario Mabini is remembered as a national hero of the Philippines. His writings and political philosophy continue to influence Filipino political thought. His life and works are commemorated in various monuments, schools, and institutions across the country.

Also see

• Emilio Aguinaldo
• José Rizal
• Philippine Revolution
• First Philippine Republic
• Philippine-American War