Contact type

Contact Dermatitis
Contact_dermatitis.jpg
Synonyms	N/A
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Itching, redness, rash
Complications	Infection
Onset	Hours to days after exposure
Duration	Days to weeks
Types	N/A
Causes	Irritants, allergens
Risks	N/A
Diagnosis	Patch test
Differential diagnosis	N/A
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Avoidance, topical corticosteroids
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	N/A
Frequency	N/A
Deaths	N/A

Contact dermatitis is a type of inflammation of the skin that results from exposure to an irritant or allergen. It is characterized by redness, itching, and the formation of a rash.

Types

Contact dermatitis is classified into two main types:

Irritant Contact Dermatitis

This is the most common form of contact dermatitis. It occurs when the skin comes into contact with a substance that directly damages the outer layer of the skin. Common irritants include soaps, detergents, and solvents.

Allergic Contact Dermatitis

This type occurs when the skin comes into contact with a substance that triggers an immune response. Common allergens include nickel, fragrances, and latex.

Symptoms

The symptoms of contact dermatitis can vary depending on the type and severity of the reaction. Common symptoms include:

• Redness
• Itching
• Swelling
• Blisters
• Crusting
• Scaling

Causes

Contact dermatitis is caused by exposure to irritants or allergens. The following are common causes:

Irritants

• Soaps and detergents
• Solvents
• Acids and alkalis
• Cement

Allergens

• Nickel
• Fragrances
• Preservatives
• Rubber compounds

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of contact dermatitis is primarily based on the patient's history and physical examination. A patch test may be performed to identify specific allergens responsible for the reaction.

Treatment

The primary treatment for contact dermatitis involves avoiding the irritant or allergen. Additional treatments may include:

• Topical corticosteroids to reduce inflammation
• Moisturizers to repair the skin barrier
• Antihistamines to relieve itching

Prevention

Preventive measures include:

• Identifying and avoiding known irritants and allergens
• Using protective clothing and gloves
• Applying barrier creams

Complications

If left untreated, contact dermatitis can lead to:

• Infection
• Chronic dermatitis
• Lichenification

See also

• Atopic dermatitis
• Eczema
• Psoriasis

External links

• American Academy of Dermatology: Contact Dermatitis

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