EVALI
EVALI (E-cigarette or Vaping Product Use-Associated Lung Injury) is a serious lung condition associated with the use of e-cigarettes or vaping products. The condition was first identified in the United States in 2019 and has since been the subject of extensive public health investigations.
Symptoms[edit | edit source]
The symptoms of EVALI can vary but often include:
These symptoms can develop over a few days or several weeks and may require hospitalization.
Causes[edit | edit source]
EVALI is primarily linked to the use of e-cigarettes or vaping products, particularly those containing tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). The exact cause of EVALI is not fully understood, but it is believed that certain chemicals in vaping products, such as vitamin E acetate, may play a significant role.
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
Diagnosing EVALI involves a combination of:
- Medical history review
- Physical examination
- Chest X-ray or CT scan
- Pulmonary function tests
- Blood tests
Healthcare providers may also inquire about the patient's use of e-cigarettes or vaping products.
Treatment[edit | edit source]
Treatment for EVALI typically includes:
- Hospitalization for severe cases
- Oxygen therapy
- Corticosteroids to reduce lung inflammation
- Antibiotics if a bacterial infection is suspected
- Supportive care such as intravenous fluids and pain management
Patients are also advised to stop using e-cigarettes or vaping products.
Prevention[edit | edit source]
Preventing EVALI involves avoiding the use of e-cigarettes or vaping products, especially those containing THC or other unregulated substances. Public health agencies recommend using FDA-approved smoking cessation aids instead.
Epidemiology[edit | edit source]
EVALI cases have been reported primarily in the United States, with a significant number of cases occurring in 2019. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and other health organizations have been actively monitoring and investigating the outbreak.
Related Pages[edit | edit source]
- E-cigarette
- Vaping
- Lung disease
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Tetrahydrocannabinol
- Vitamin E acetate
Categories[edit | edit source]
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
