JWH-099

JWH-099 is a synthetic cannabinoid that acts as a potent agonist at the cannabinoid receptors. It is part of the naphthoylindole family of compounds, which are known for their ability to mimic the effects of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the primary psychoactive component of cannabis.

Chemical Structure and Properties

JWH-099 has the chemical formula C₂₄H₂₄N₂O₂ and a molecular weight of 372.46 g/mol. The compound features a naphthoyl group attached to an indole core, with a morpholine ring linked via an ethyl chain. This structure is responsible for its high affinity and selectivity towards the CB₁ and CB₂ receptors.

Pharmacology

JWH-099 is a full agonist at both the CB₁ and CB₂ receptors, with a higher affinity for the CB₂ receptor. This selectivity makes it of interest in research focused on the development of anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents, as CB₂ receptors are primarily located in the peripheral tissues and are involved in immune response modulation.

Mechanism of Action

Upon binding to the cannabinoid receptors, JWH-099 activates the G-protein coupled receptor pathways, leading to the inhibition of adenylate cyclase and a decrease in the intracellular concentration of cAMP. This results in the modulation of neurotransmitter release and various downstream effects, including analgesia, anti-inflammatory responses, and potential psychoactive effects.

Legal Status

The legal status of JWH-099 varies by country. In many jurisdictions, it is classified as a controlled substance due to its potential for abuse and lack of medical use. It is important for researchers to be aware of the legal implications of working with this compound.

Research and Applications

JWH-099 is primarily used in scientific research to study the endocannabinoid system and the effects of cannabinoid receptor activation. Its selectivity for the CB₂ receptor makes it a valuable tool in the development of new therapeutic agents targeting inflammation and pain without the psychoactive effects associated with CB₁ receptor activation.

Safety and Toxicology

As with many synthetic cannabinoids, the safety profile of JWH-099 is not well-established. Potential risks include psychoactive effects, cardiovascular issues, and other systemic effects. Researchers must exercise caution and adhere to safety protocols when handling this compound.

Also see

• Cannabinoid receptor
• Synthetic cannabinoids
• JWH-018
• Endocannabinoid system