JWH-226

JWH-226 is a synthetic cannabinoid that acts as a potent agonist of the cannabinoid receptors. It is part of the naphthoylindole family of compounds, which are known for their ability to mimic the effects of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the primary psychoactive component of cannabis.

Chemical Structure and Properties

JWH-226 has the chemical formula C₂₅H₂₆N₂O₂ and a molar mass of 386.49 g/mol. The structure consists of a naphthoyl group attached to an indole core, with a morpholine ring linked via an ethyl chain. This configuration is crucial for its activity at the cannabinoid receptors.

Pharmacology

JWH-226 is a full agonist at both the CB₁ and CB₂ receptors, with a higher affinity for the CB₁ receptor. This receptor is primarily found in the central nervous system and is responsible for the psychoactive effects of cannabinoids. The activation of these receptors by JWH-226 leads to effects similar to those of THC, including altered perception, mood changes, and potential therapeutic effects such as analgesia.

Legal Status

The legal status of JWH-226 varies by country. In many jurisdictions, it is classified as a controlled substance due to its potential for abuse and lack of medical use. It is often included in legislation targeting synthetic cannabinoids, which are frequently sold as "legal highs" or "herbal incense."

Synthesis

The synthesis of JWH-226 involves the reaction of 1-naphthoyl chloride with 1-(2-morpholin-4-ylethyl)indole in the presence of a base. This process forms the characteristic naphthoylindole structure. The synthesis requires careful control of reaction conditions to ensure the correct formation of the desired product.

Potential Risks and Side Effects

As with other synthetic cannabinoids, JWH-226 can pose significant health risks. These may include tachycardia, hypertension, anxiety, paranoia, and in severe cases, psychosis. The lack of regulation and quality control in the production of synthetic cannabinoids further increases the risk of adverse effects.

Research and Applications

JWH-226, like other synthetic cannabinoids, is primarily used in research settings to study the endocannabinoid system and the effects of cannabinoid receptor activation. It provides a tool for understanding the pharmacological properties of cannabinoids and their potential therapeutic applications.

Also see

• Synthetic cannabinoids
• Cannabinoid receptor
• JWH-018
• Endocannabinoid system