JWH-312

JWH-312 is a synthetic cannabinoid that acts as a potent agonist at both the CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors. It is part of the naphthoylindole family of compounds, which were originally developed by Dr. John W. Huffman and his team at Clemson University in the 1990s. JWH-312 is primarily used in scientific research to study the endocannabinoid system and the effects of cannabinoids on the body.

Chemical Structure and Properties

JWH-312 has the chemical formula C26H25NO2 and a molecular weight of 383.48 g/mol. The compound features a naphthoyl group attached to an indole core, with a pentyl chain at the 1-position of the indole. The presence of the methoxy group on the naphthalene ring is a distinguishing feature of JWH-312 compared to other JWH compounds.

Pharmacology

JWH-312 is a full agonist at both the CB1 and CB2 receptors, with a higher affinity for the CB2 receptor. This selectivity makes it a valuable tool for studying the role of CB2 receptors in various physiological and pathological processes. The activation of CB2 receptors by JWH-312 has been shown to modulate immune responses, inflammation, and pain perception.

Receptor Binding

JWH-312 binds to the CB1 receptor with a Ki value of approximately 11 nM and to the CB2 receptor with a Ki value of approximately 4 nM. This indicates a higher affinity for the CB2 receptor, which is consistent with its use in research focused on immune and inflammatory responses.

Research Applications

JWH-312 is used in preclinical studies to explore the therapeutic potential of CB2 receptor agonists. Research has investigated its effects on:

• Inflammation: JWH-312 has been studied for its anti-inflammatory properties, particularly in models of autoimmune diseases and chronic inflammatory conditions.
• Pain Management: The compound's ability to modulate pain pathways through CB2 receptor activation is of interest for developing new analgesics.
• Neuroprotection: Studies have explored the neuroprotective effects of JWH-312 in models of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.

Legal Status

The legal status of JWH-312 varies by country. In many jurisdictions, it is classified as a controlled substance due to its structural similarity to other synthetic cannabinoids that have been associated with recreational use and adverse health effects.

Safety and Toxicology

As with other synthetic cannabinoids, the safety profile of JWH-312 is not well-established. It is primarily used in laboratory settings, and its effects in humans are not fully understood. Researchers handling JWH-312 should follow appropriate safety protocols to minimize exposure and potential risks.

Also see

• Cannabinoid receptor
• Synthetic cannabinoids
• Endocannabinoid system
• JWH-018
• John W. Huffman