List of mood disorders

List of Mood Disorders

Mood disorders, also known as affective disorders, are a category of mental health conditions characterized by a disturbance in a person's mood. This disturbance can significantly impact daily functioning, relationships, and overall quality of life. Mood disorders can range from periods of extreme happiness or euphoria to periods of deep sadness or despair. This article provides an overview of the various types of mood disorders, their symptoms, and treatment options.

Types of Mood Disorders

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), commonly referred to as depression, is characterized by a persistent feeling of sadness or a lack of interest in external stimuli. Symptoms may include changes in appetite, sleep disturbances, fatigue, and feelings of worthlessness.

Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar Disorder is marked by extreme mood swings that include emotional highs (mania or hypomania) and lows (depression). These mood swings may occur rarely or multiple times a year.

Cyclothymic Disorder

Cyclothymic Disorder is a milder form of bipolar disorder, consisting of cyclical mood swings. However, the symptoms are less severe and do not meet the diagnostic criteria for bipolar disorder.

Dysthymia

Dysthymia, now known as Persistent Depressive Disorder, is a chronic form of depression. It is characterized by a depressed mood that lasts for at least two years.

Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)

Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) is a type of depression that's related to changes in seasons. SAD begins and ends at about the same times every year, with symptoms typically starting in fall and continuing into the winter months.

Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)

Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) is a severe form of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) that causes significant mood swings, irritability, and depression before menstruation.

Diagnosis and Treatment

Diagnosis of mood disorders typically involves a comprehensive evaluation by a mental health professional, including a physical examination, psychiatric assessment, and review of symptoms. Treatment options vary depending on the type and severity of the mood disorder but may include psychotherapy, medication, lifestyle changes, and support groups.

See Also

• Anxiety Disorders
• Psychiatric Medication
• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

External Links

• National Institute of Mental Health: Mood Disorders
• World Health Organization: Depression