Medications used in dentistry and periodontics

Medications used in Dentistry and Periodontics

Dentistry and periodontics, two branches of medical science, often require the use of specific medications to treat various oral health conditions. These medications range from analgesics for pain management to antibiotics for infection control, and anesthetics for surgical procedures.

Analgesics

Analgesics are used in dentistry to manage pain associated with various dental conditions and procedures. They can be divided into two main categories: non-opioid analgesics and opioid analgesics.

Non-opioid Analgesics

Non-opioid analgesics, such as ibuprofen and acetaminophen, are commonly used for mild to moderate dental pain. They work by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins, chemicals in the body that cause pain and inflammation.

Opioid Analgesics

Opioid analgesics, such as codeine and hydrocodone, are used for severe dental pain. They work by binding to opioid receptors in the brain, blocking the perception of pain.

Antibiotics

Antibiotics are used in dentistry to treat bacterial infections. They can be prescribed for conditions such as dental abscesses, periodontal disease, and after surgical procedures to prevent infection.

Penicillins

Penicillins, such as amoxicillin, are often the first choice for treating dental infections. They work by interfering with the ability of bacteria to form cell walls, causing them to burst and die.

Macrolides

Macrolides, such as erythromycin, are used when patients are allergic to penicillins. They work by preventing bacteria from growing and reproducing.

Anesthetics

Anesthetics are used in dentistry to numb the area being treated, allowing for pain-free dental procedures. They can be either local or general anesthetics.

Local Anesthetics

Local anesthetics, such as lidocaine, are used for most dental procedures. They work by blocking nerve signals in the area where they are applied.

General Anesthetics

General anesthetics, such as propofol, are used for complex dental surgeries. They work by rendering the patient unconscious and insensitive to pain.

See Also

• Oral health
• Dental procedures
• Oral surgery
• Dental abscess
• Periodontal disease