9-Carboxymethoxymethylguanine

9-Carboxymethoxymethylguanine_Structure.svg

9-Carboxymethoxymethylguanine (CMMG) is an antiviral compound that is a metabolite of acyclovir and ganciclovir. It is primarily used in the treatment of herpes simplex virus (HSV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections.

Chemical Structure and Properties

9-Carboxymethoxymethylguanine is a guanine derivative with a carboxymethoxymethyl group attached to the 9-position of the guanine base. This modification enhances its antiviral activity by inhibiting viral DNA synthesis.

Mechanism of Action

CMMG works by inhibiting the viral DNA polymerase, an enzyme critical for viral DNA replication. By incorporating into the viral DNA, it causes chain termination, thereby preventing the virus from replicating and spreading.

Pharmacokinetics

After administration, acyclovir and ganciclovir are metabolized into 9-carboxymethoxymethylguanine. The compound is then excreted primarily through the renal system. The pharmacokinetics of CMMG can be influenced by factors such as renal function and the presence of other medications.

Clinical Uses

CMMG is used in the treatment of infections caused by herpes simplex virus and cytomegalovirus. It is particularly useful in patients who are immunocompromised, such as those undergoing chemotherapy or organ transplantation.

Side Effects

The side effects of 9-carboxymethoxymethylguanine are generally similar to those of its parent compounds, acyclovir and ganciclovir. Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. In some cases, it may cause nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity.

Research and Development

Ongoing research is focused on improving the efficacy and safety profile of CMMG and its derivatives. Studies are also being conducted to explore its potential use in treating other viral infections.

See Also

• Acyclovir
• Ganciclovir
• Herpes simplex virus
• Cytomegalovirus
• Antiviral drug

References

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