Glossary of space medicine

Comprehensive Glossary of Space Medicine Terms

Aeropause - The boundary that separates the Earth's atmosphere from outer space, generally considered to be about 100 km (62 miles) above sea level.
Aerospace Medical Association - A professional organization dedicated to enhancing health, safety, and performance in aviation and space through scientific research and education.
Artificial gravity - A concept where a centrifugal force is used, akin to gravity, to simulate a gravitational environment in space.
Astronaut organization in spaceflight missions - The hierarchical and functional structure of astronaut crews during space missions, addressing roles, responsibilities, and decision-making processes.
Astronautical hygiene - The application of science and technology to prevent or control exposures to hazards in space that may cause astronaut ill health.
Aviation medicine - A branch of medicine that studies the health effects of flying in airplanes and helicopters, focusing on the physiological impacts of changes in altitude and acceleration.
Bioastronautics - An interdisciplinary field that studies the biological challenges faced by humans during spaceflight, encompassing aspects of biology, medicine, and engineering.
Cardiac rhythm problems during spaceflight - Cardiovascular issues, like arrhythmias, potentially experienced by astronauts due to the stress and environmental factors of space travel.
Central nervous system effects from radiation exposure during spaceflight - The impact of cosmic radiation on the brain and nervous system, potentially leading to cognitive decline and other neurological issues.
Diseases from Space - The hypothetical notion that pathogens might exist in space and pose a threat to Earth's ecosystem or human health.
Ebullism - The formation of gas bubbles in bodily fluids due to reduced ambient pressure, a potential hazard during rapid decompression in space.
Effect of spaceflight on the human body - The physiological and psychological changes that occur in the human body during and after spaceflight.
Effects of ionizing radiation in spaceflight - Damaging effects on the human body resulting from exposure to high levels of ionizing radiation, such as cosmic rays and solar radiation, during space travel.
Effects of sleep deprivation in space - Physiological and cognitive consequences of inadequate sleep, exacerbated by the space environment and altered circadian rhythms.
Fatigue and sleep loss during spaceflight - The impact of the space environment on sleep patterns and the resultant fatigue.
Health threat from cosmic rays - The various health risks, including cancer and neurological damage, posed by prolonged exposure to cosmic radiation in space.
Illness and injuries during spaceflight - A range of medical conditions and traumas that astronauts might face during missions, from minor wounds to more serious emergencies.
Institute of Biomedical Problems - A Russian research institution dedicated to studying the physiological and psychological challenges of human spaceflight.
Intervertebral disc damage and spaceflight - The risk of disc herniation and other spinal injuries associated with prolonged weightlessness and the return to Earth's gravity.
List of microorganisms tested in outer space - Microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi, that have been studied in the space environment to understand their survival, growth, and potential threat to astronauts.
Mars analog habitat - Simulated environments on Earth that mimic the conditions of Mars, used for training and research in preparation for potential manned missions to Mars.
Medical treatment during spaceflight - Approaches and techniques for treating medical conditions and emergencies in the unique environment of space.
Microgravity University - An educational initiative or platform focusing on research and experimentation in simulated microgravity environments.
NASA research - Research initiatives, experiments, and studies conducted by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration related to space exploration and astronaut health.
National Space Biomedical Research Institute - An institution focused on leading cutting-edge research to solve health challenges faced by astronauts during long-duration space missions.
Neuroscience in space - The study of how space travel impacts the structure and function of the nervous system, including the brain.
Physiological effects in space - Specific changes and adaptations that the human body undergoes in response to the space environment.
Psychological and sociological effects of spaceflight - The emotional, cognitive, and behavioral impacts of prolonged space missions, as well as the interpersonal dynamics of crew members.
Radiobiology evidence for protons and HZE nuclei - Research on the biological effects of high-energy proton and heavy ion radiation, both of which are components of cosmic radiation.
Reduced-gravity aircraft - Aircraft, like the "Vomit Comet", that simulate microgravity by flying parabolic maneuvers.
Renal stone formation in space - The formation of kidney stones in astronauts, potentially due to changes in fluid balance and increased bone resorption during spaceflight.
Rodent Research Hardware System - A system for studying the effects of space environments on rodents, providing insights into human health challenges.
Sleep in space - The challenges and adaptations related to sleep patterns and quality in the microgravity environment of space.
Space adaptation syndrome - A condition, similar to motion sickness, experienced by some astronauts during their initial days in space, with symptoms like dizziness and nausea.
Space food - Food that has been specially prepared and packaged for consumption in space.
Space nursing - The nursing specialty that studies how space travel impacts human response patterns and provides healthcare to astronauts during missions.
Space Nursing Society - An organization dedicated to the advancement of the specialty of space nursing through research, education, and practice.
Space pharmacology - The study of how medications behave in the space environment, including their efficacy, metabolism, and potential side effects.
Space weather - The conditions in space as influenced by the Sun and the solar wind, which can affect satellite operations, astronaut health, and Earth's climate.
Spaceflight osteopenia - Bone density loss experienced by astronauts due to prolonged weightlessness in space.
Spaceflight radiation carcinogenesis - The potential for increased cancer risk due to exposure to space radiation during long-duration space missions.
Team composition and cohesion in spaceflight missions - The dynamics, interpersonal relationships, and teamwork strategies of astronaut crews during space missions.
Visual impairment due to intracranial pressure - A medical condition observed in some astronauts, resulting in vision changes due to increased pressure within the skull.
Weightlessness - A condition experienced in space where objects and astronauts are free-falling at the same rate as their spacecraft, leading to a sensation of floating.

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