Hypermobility syndrome
Hypermobility Syndrome (HMS), also known as Benign Joint Hypermobility Syndrome (BJHS), is a condition characterized by joints that stretch farther than normal. For some individuals, this condition is associated with pain and other symptoms. Hypermobility is often considered a benign trait, but when it leads to discomfort or interferes with daily activities, it is recognized as a medical condition.
Causes and Genetics[edit | edit source]
The exact cause of Hypermobility Syndrome is not fully understood, but it is believed to be related to the properties of the connective tissue. Genetic factors play a significant role, with the condition often running in families. Mutations in certain genes that affect collagen, an essential protein in connective tissue, have been linked to increased joint laxity.
Symptoms[edit | edit source]
Symptoms of Hypermobility Syndrome can vary widely among individuals. Common symptoms include:
- Joint hypermobility
- Pain in the joints or muscles
- Frequent joint dislocations or sprains
- Fatigue
- Digestive issues, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
- Autonomic dysregulation, such as orthostatic intolerance
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
Diagnosis of Hypermobility Syndrome is primarily clinical, based on medical history and physical examination. The Beighton score is a commonly used tool to assess joint laxity, with a score of 4 or more out of 9 indicating generalized hypermobility. However, diagnosis also considers symptoms such as pain and fatigue, which are not accounted for by the Beighton score alone.
Treatment[edit | edit source]
There is no cure for Hypermobility Syndrome, but treatment focuses on managing symptoms and improving quality of life. Treatment options may include:
- Physical therapy to strengthen muscles around the joints
- Pain management strategies, including medications and lifestyle modifications
- Education on joint protection to prevent injuries
Prognosis[edit | edit source]
The prognosis for individuals with Hypermobility Syndrome varies. While the condition itself is not life-threatening, it can significantly impact quality of life. Early intervention and a multidisciplinary approach to management can help individuals lead active and fulfilling lives.
Epidemiology[edit | edit source]
Hypermobility Syndrome is a common condition, though its exact prevalence is difficult to determine due to varying diagnostic criteria. It is more frequently diagnosed in females and younger individuals.
See Also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
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