List of first response mnemonics

List of First Response Mnemonics is a compilation of mnemonic devices used by first responders, including paramedics, emergency medical technicians (EMTs), firefighters, and police officers, to quickly and efficiently assess situations, remember protocols, and provide care in emergency situations. These mnemonics are crucial for ensuring a systematic approach to emergencies, enabling responders to make rapid decisions and actions that can save lives.

ABC

ABC, which stands for Airway, Breathing, and Circulation, is one of the most fundamental mnemonics in emergency medicine. It is the primary assessment tool for resuscitation and is used to prioritize interventions.

SAMPLE

SAMPLE is used to gather a patient's history during the assessment phase. It stands for Symptoms, Allergies, Medications, Past medical history, Last oral intake, and Events leading up to the illness or injury.

AVPU

AVPU helps assess a patient's level of consciousness. It stands for Alert, Verbal response, Painful response, and Unresponsive.

OPQRST

OPQRST is a mnemonic for assessing pain. It stands for Onset, Provocation/palliation, Quality, Region/Radiation, Severity, and Time.

PQRST

PQRST is another pain assessment tool, similar to OPQRST but focuses on Provocation/palliation, Quality, Region/Radiation, Severity, and Timing.

SLUDGE

SLUDGE is used to remember the symptoms of organophosphate poisoning: Salivation, Lacrimation, Urination, Defecation, Gastrointestinal upset, and Emesis.

DCAP-BTLS

DCAP-BTLS is a mnemonic for remembering the types of injuries to look for during a physical assessment: Deformities, Contusions, Abrasions, Punctures/penetrations, Burns, Tenderness, Lacerations, and Swelling.

FAST

FAST is used for identifying symptoms of a stroke: Face drooping, Arm weakness, Speech difficulties, and Time to call emergency services.

RICE

RICE is used for the initial treatment of soft tissue injuries: Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation.

CHALET

CHALET is used for reporting incidents, especially in the context of major incidents or disasters. It stands for Casualties, Hazards, Access, Location, Emergency services required, and Type of incident.

PEARRL

PEARRL is used to assess the eyes, specifically looking at Pupils Equal And Round, Reactive to Light.

MIST

MIST is used for handover of patients to hospital staff, summarizing the most important information: Mechanism of injury, Injuries found, Signs and symptoms, and Treatment given.

Categories

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See Also

• Emergency medical services
• First aid
• Paramedicine
• Triage

This article provides an overview of commonly used mnemonics in the field of first response. These tools are essential for quick and effective assessment and treatment of patients in emergency situations.