Perak

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Image from page 833 of "Pagan races of the Malay Peninsula" (1906)

Perak is one of the 13 states of Malaysia located on the western coast of Peninsular Malaysia. It is the second largest Malaysian state by land area and fourth largest by population. The state's capital is Ipoh, known historically for its tin-mining activities, and its royal capital is Kuala Kangsar. Perak's diverse geography includes vast ranges of limestone hills, dense rainforests, and a coastline along the Strait of Malacca.

History

The name "Perak" means silver in Malay, which is thought to be derived from the silvery color of tin. Historically, Perak was a wealthy sultanate due to the abundance of tin. In the late 19th century, Perak became part of the British Empire as a result of the Pangkor Treaty of 1874, which marked the beginning of British political influence in Malaya. During British colonial rule, the economy of Perak was primarily based on tin mining and rubber plantations. The state played a significant role in the early economic development of Malaysia.

Geography

Perak is bordered by Kedah and Yala Province of Thailand to the north, Penang to the northwest, Perlis to the north, Kelantan and Pahang to the east, Selangor to the south, and the Strait of Malacca to the west. The state has a diverse landscape that includes the Titiwangsa Mountains, numerous rivers, and a rich variety of flora and fauna. The Royal Belum State Park, located in the northern part of Perak, is one of the oldest rainforests in the world, estimated to be over 130 million years old.

Economy

Perak's economy is diversified, with key industries including manufacturing, agriculture, and tourism. The state is one of Malaysia's leading producers of rubber, palm oil, and tin. In recent years, Perak has focused on developing its tourism sector, promoting its natural attractions, historical sites, and culinary delights. Ipoh, the state capital, has gained popularity for its heritage sites, colonial architecture, and vibrant food scene.

Culture

Perak's culture is a rich tapestry of Malay, Chinese, Indian, and indigenous influences. The state is known for its traditional Malay crafts, particularly silver and pewter crafting. Perak is also famous for its cuisine, which reflects its multicultural heritage. Dishes such as Nasi Vanggey, Ipoh white coffee, and Heong Peng (fragrant biscuits) are local specialties.

Tourism

Perak offers a wide range of attractions for tourists. The Ipoh Old Town is renowned for its British colonial-era architecture, street art, and cafes. The Kellie's Castle near Batu Gajah tells the story of a Scottish planter's unfinished dream home. For nature lovers, the Cameron Highlands offer cool climate, tea plantations, and flower gardens, while the Pangkor Island is a popular beach destination.

Administration

Perak is a constitutional monarchy, with the Sultan of Perak as the constitutional ruler. The state government is headed by a Chief Minister, who is a member of the Perak State Legislative Assembly. The state is divided into several districts, each administered by a local authority.