Rosaramicin

Rosaramicin is a macrolide antibiotic that is derived from the bacterium Streptomyces rosaramicus. It is primarily used in the treatment of various bacterial infections, including those caused by Gram-positive bacteria and some Gram-negative bacteria.

Chemistry

Rosaramicin is a 16-membered macrolide antibiotic. Its chemical structure is characterized by a large macrocyclic lactone ring, to which two sugars, cladinose and desosamine, are attached. The lactone ring is responsible for the antibiotic's activity, while the sugars enhance its solubility and bioavailability.

Mechanism of Action

Rosaramicin works by inhibiting protein synthesis in bacteria. It binds to the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, preventing the translocation of peptides. This inhibits the growth of the bacteria and eventually leads to their death.

Clinical Use

Rosaramicin is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections, including respiratory tract infections, skin infections, and sexually transmitted infections. It is particularly effective against Gram-positive bacteria, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus, and some Gram-negative bacteria, such as Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Side Effects

Like other macrolide antibiotics, rosaramicin can cause a range of side effects. These may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. In rare cases, it can cause more serious side effects, such as hepatotoxicity or cardiotoxicity.

Resistance

Bacterial resistance to rosaramicin can occur through several mechanisms. These include the modification of the antibiotic's target site, the production of enzymes that inactivate the antibiotic, and the increased efflux of the antibiotic from the bacterial cell.

See Also

• Macrolide
• Antibiotic resistance
• Streptomyces