Descending thoracic aorta

Descending thoracic aorta is the part of the aorta that is located in the thorax. It is a continuation of the aortic arch and ends at the diaphragm, where it becomes the abdominal aorta.

Etymology

The term "aorta" originates from the Greek word "ἀορτή" (aortē), which means 'that which is hung up' or 'the great artery'. The term "thoracic" is derived from the Greek word "θώραξ" (thōrax), which means 'chest'.

Structure

The descending thoracic aorta begins at the level of the fourth thoracic vertebra (T4) where the aortic arch ends. It descends down the posterior mediastinal space in the thorax to the left of the vertebral column. It ends at the level of the twelfth thoracic vertebra (T12), at the aortic hiatus of the diaphragm, where it becomes the abdominal aorta.

Branches

The branches of the descending thoracic aorta can be divided into parietal and visceral branches. The parietal branches include the posterior intercostal arteries, subcostal arteries, and the superior phrenic arteries. The visceral branches are the bronchial, esophageal, and mediastinal arteries.

Clinical significance

Diseases of the descending thoracic aorta can be life-threatening and include aortic aneurysm, aortic dissection, and atherosclerosis. These conditions require immediate medical attention and often surgical intervention.

See also

• Aorta
• Thoracic aorta
• Abdominal aorta
• Aortic aneurysm
• Aortic dissection
• Atherosclerosis

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