Deep auricular artery

Deep Auricular Artery

The deep auricular artery is a small but significant artery within the human body, primarily involved in supplying blood to the external acoustic meatus and the tympanic membrane, commonly known as the eardrum. Originating from the first part of the maxillary artery, which is itself a major branch of the external carotid artery, the deep auricular artery plays a crucial role in the vascularization of the ear's external components.

Anatomy

The deep auricular artery emerges from the maxillary artery as it ascends behind the mandible, near the temporomandibular joint. It courses anteriorly, running close to the external acoustic meatus, where it divides into two or more branches. These branches are responsible for supplying blood to the floor of the external acoustic meatus and the outer layer of the tympanic membrane. Additionally, it often sends a small branch to the temporomandibular joint, contributing to its blood supply.

Function

The primary function of the deep auricular artery is to provide oxygenated blood to the external part of the ear, specifically the external acoustic meatus and the tympanic membrane. This arterial supply is essential for maintaining the health and functionality of these structures. The blood supply to the tympanic membrane is particularly important for its sensitivity and integrity, which are crucial for the proper conduction of sound.

Clinical Significance

The deep auricular artery's proximity to the temporomandibular joint and the external acoustic meatus makes it of interest in surgical procedures and in the diagnosis of certain conditions. Its injury or accidental laceration during surgeries in the region can lead to bleeding complications. Moreover, its involvement in supplying the temporomandibular joint means that it can be implicated in joint disorders or diseases affecting the ear's external parts.

See Also

• Maxillary artery
• External carotid artery
• Tympanic membrane
• External acoustic meatus