Epidural space

Diagram of the epidural space

The epidural space is an anatomical space that lies outside the dura mater of the spinal cord and within the vertebral column. It is a potential space that can be accessed for various medical procedures, most notably for the administration of epidural anesthesia.

Anatomy

The epidural space is located between the outermost layer of the meninges, the dura mater, and the inner walls of the vertebral canal. It extends from the foramen magnum at the base of the skull to the sacral hiatus at the end of the vertebral column.

Contents

The epidural space contains:

• Adipose tissue
• Lymphatics
• Blood vessels, including the internal vertebral venous plexus
• Spinal nerve roots

Clinical Significance

The epidural space is clinically significant for several reasons:

Epidural Anesthesia

Epidural anesthesia is a common procedure used to provide pain relief during childbirth and certain types of surgery. A needle is inserted into the epidural space, and anesthetic agents are administered to block nerve impulses, providing regional anesthesia.

Epidural Abscess

An epidural abscess is a collection of pus that can form in the epidural space, often due to infection. It can compress the spinal cord and nerves, leading to neurological deficits if not treated promptly.

Epidural Hematoma

An epidural hematoma is a collection of blood in the epidural space, usually due to trauma. It can cause compression of the spinal cord and requires urgent medical intervention.

Related Pages

• Spinal cord
• Dura mater
• Epidural anesthesia
• Spinal nerve