Hamburg parsley

Hamamelis virginiana, commonly known as American witch-hazel, is a species of witch-hazel native to eastern North America, from Nova Scotia west to Minnesota, and south to central Florida to eastern Texas. It is a deciduous shrub with a height of 3–8 m. The leaves are alternately arranged, oval, 4–16 cm long and 3–11 cm broad. The flowers are pale to dark yellow, and bloom in the fall.

Description

Hamamelis virginiana is a medium to large, multi-stemmed shrub, often with a somewhat crooked and gnarled appearance. The bark is smooth and gray to gray-brown. The leaves are simple, alternate, and oval to oblong in shape. They are dark green above and paler below, with a smooth or slightly wavy margin. The flowers are small, with four slender, yellow petals. They appear in the fall, after the leaves have dropped.

Distribution and habitat

Hamamelis virginiana is found in a variety of habitats, but typically prefers moist, acidic soils in woodlands, forest edges, and along streams. It is native to eastern North America, from Nova Scotia in the north to Florida in the south, and west to Minnesota and Texas.

Uses

The plant has a long history of use by Native Americans for medicinal purposes. The bark and leaves are astringent; the extract, also referred to as Witch Hazel, is used in skincare products and as a traditional medicine. The wood is used for tool handles and fence posts.

Cultivation

Hamamelis virginiana is cultivated as an ornamental plant, for use in gardens and parks. It is a popular choice for fall color, as the leaves turn a bright yellow, and the flowers persist after the leaves have fallen.

Conservation

While not currently listed as threatened or endangered, Hamamelis virginiana is subject to loss of habitat due to development and changes in land use. Conservation efforts focus on preserving its natural habitats and promoting its use in sustainable landscaping. Template:Flora-stub