Oxygenic photosynthesis

Oxygenic Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and cyanobacteria convert light energy, usually from the sun, into chemical energy in the form of glucose. This process is fundamental to life on Earth as it is responsible for the majority of the planet's oxygen and forms the basis of the food chain.

Process

Oxygenic photosynthesis occurs in two stages: the light-dependent reactions and the light-independent reactions (also known as the Calvin cycle).

In the light-dependent reactions, light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll and other pigments in the chloroplasts, and is used to generate ATP and NADPH. This process also produces oxygen as a byproduct, which is released into the atmosphere.

The ATP and NADPH produced in the light-dependent reactions are then used in the Calvin cycle to convert carbon dioxide into glucose. This process is known as carbon fixation.

Importance

Oxygenic photosynthesis is crucial for life on Earth. It is the primary source of oxygen in the atmosphere, which is essential for aerobic respiration. The glucose produced in photosynthesis is used by plants and other organisms for energy and growth, and forms the basis of the food chain.

In addition, photosynthesis plays a key role in the carbon cycle, helping to regulate the Earth's climate by absorbing carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas.

See also

• Chloroplast
• Photosystem II
• Photosystem I
• Photophosphorylation
• Carbon fixation
• Rubisco