Amyl nitrite

Amyl Nitrite is a chemical compound with the formula C5H11ONO. It is a part of the alkyl nitrite family and is primarily used as a reagent in organic synthesis. Amyl nitrite is also used for the treatment of angina, a type of chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart.

Etymology

The term "Amyl Nitrite" is derived from the Greek word "amylon," which means 'starch,' and the Latin word "nitrum." This is due to the fact that amyl nitrite was first produced by the dry distillation of starch and nitric acid.

Medical Uses

Amyl nitrite is used in medicine for the treatment of heart diseases such as angina and as an antidote to cyanide poisoning. It works by relaxing the blood vessels and increasing the supply of blood and oxygen to the heart while reducing its workload. When inhaled, the onset of effect is almost immediate, but the duration is short (about 2-3 minutes).

Related Compounds

Amyl nitrite is related to other nitrites and nitrates including sodium nitrite, potassium nitrite, and glyceryl trinitrate (also known as nitroglycerin), which are all used in medicine for the treatment of angina.

Safety

Inhaling amyl nitrite can cause various adverse effects including headaches, flushing of the face, decreased blood pressure, dizziness, and an increased heart rate. It is also a highly flammable liquid and vapor, and it can cause burns and serious eye damage.

See Also

• Alkyl nitrites
• Angina
• Cyanide poisoning

References

Amyl nitrite Resources
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