Macula of utricle

Macula of Utricle is a sensory organ in the inner ear that plays a key role in the body's sense of balance. It is one of two maculae in the vestibular system, the other being the Macula of Saccule. The macula of utricle detects linear accelerations and head-tilts in the horizontal plane.

Anatomy

The macula of utricle is a thickened, oval-shaped region located in the utricle of the inner ear. It is covered by a layer of sensory hair cells, which are embedded in a gelatinous layer known as the otolithic membrane. On top of this membrane are tiny calcium carbonate crystals called Otoliths. The orientation of the hair cells in the macula of utricle allows it to respond to accelerations in the horizontal plane.

Function

The primary function of the macula of utricle is to detect linear accelerations and head-tilts in the horizontal plane. When the head tilts or accelerates, the weight of the otoliths causes the otolithic membrane to shift, which in turn bends the hair cells. This bending triggers an electrical signal that is sent to the brain via the Vestibular nerve. The brain interprets this signal as a change in position or movement.

Clinical significance

Damage or disease affecting the macula of utricle can lead to balance disorders such as Vertigo, Dizziness, and balance problems. These conditions can be diagnosed and treated by a otolaryngologist or a neurologist.

See also

• Vestibular system
• Inner ear
• Otolith

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