Dizziness
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
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Dizziness | |
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Synonyms | N/A |
Pronounce | N/A |
Specialty | N/A |
Symptoms | Vertigo, lightheadedness, unsteadiness, nausea |
Complications | Falls, injury |
Onset | Sudden or gradual |
Duration | Short-term or long-term |
Types | N/A |
Causes | Inner ear disorders, cardiovascular disease, medication side effects, anxiety disorders |
Risks | Age, previous head injury, ear infections, migraine |
Diagnosis | Medical history, physical examination, audiometry, imaging studies |
Differential diagnosis | Vertigo, presyncope, disequilibrium, anxiety |
Prevention | N/A |
Treatment | Vestibular rehabilitation, medication, lifestyle changes |
Medication | N/A |
Prognosis | Varies depending on cause |
Frequency | Common |
Deaths | N/A |
Dizziness is a term used to describe a range of sensations including lightheadedness, unsteadiness, and the perceptions of turning, spinning, or rocking. While it can be a symptom of various underlying conditions or disorders, it's often not due to a serious health threat. Understanding the nature, causes, and potential treatments for dizziness can aid individuals in managing and seeking appropriate care.
Definition and Types[edit | edit source]
Dizziness can be classified into several types based on the sensation described:
- Lightheadedness: A vague and floaty sensation, often leading to a feeling of almost fainting.
- Vertigo: A false sense that either the individual or their surroundings are spinning or moving. Often associated with issues in the inner ear.
- Disequilibrium: A lack of balance or unsteadiness, without the spinning sensation of vertigo.
- Floating sensation: A sensation of being detached from the surroundings or oneself.
Common Causes[edit | edit source]
Dizziness can result from a myriad of causes:
- Inner Ear Problems: Conditions like benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), labyrinthitis, or Meniere's disease can lead to vertigo.
- Infections: Viral or bacterial infections affecting the inner ear.
- Circulation issues: Conditions like orthostatic hypotension, atrial fibrillation, or other heart-related problems.
- Medications: Some medications list dizziness as a potential side effect.
- Anxiety disorders: Conditions such as panic disorder can induce dizziness.
- Migraine: People might experience dizziness symptoms during or after migraines.
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
To determine the cause of dizziness, medical professionals may:
- Review medical history and medications.
- Conduct a physical examination.
- Recommend tests like blood work, MRI, CT scan, or balance tests.
Treatment and Management[edit | edit source]
Treatment largely depends on the underlying cause:
- Vestibular rehabilitation: This is a type of physical therapy that aids people with balance problems.
- Medication: Drugs like meclizine or diazepam might be prescribed.
- Lifestyle changes: Reducing caffeine or alcohol intake, managing stress, or adopting specific sleeping positions.
Prevention and Tips[edit | edit source]
- Avoid sudden changes in position or rapid head movements.
- Manage stress and anxiety through relaxation techniques.
- Stay hydrated.
- Be cautious with medications known to cause dizziness.
See Also[edit | edit source]
- Vertigo
- Inner ear
- Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
- Meniere's disease
- Migraine
- Orthostatic Hypotension
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Symptoms and signs: cognition, perception, emotional state and behaviour | ||||||||
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD