Heat syncope

Heat syncope is a form of syncope or fainting that is associated with exposure to high temperatures, typically in hot, humid environments. It is one of several related conditions collectively known as heat illnesses, which also include heat stroke, heat exhaustion, and heat cramps.

Causes

Heat syncope is caused by a sudden drop in blood pressure, which in turn is often triggered by the body's response to heat. When a person is exposed to high temperatures, the body attempts to cool itself by dilating the blood vessels near the skin's surface, a process known as vasodilation. This can cause blood to pool in the legs, leading to a temporary reduction in blood flow to the brain and resulting in fainting.

Symptoms

The primary symptom of heat syncope is fainting. This typically occurs after standing for a long period of time or suddenly rising from a sitting or lying position. Other symptoms can include dizziness, lightheadedness, a weak and rapid pulse, and cool, moist skin.

Prevention and Treatment

Prevention of heat syncope involves avoiding exposure to extreme heat when possible, staying hydrated, and taking frequent breaks to rest in a cool place. If heat syncope does occur, the affected person should be moved to a cooler environment and encouraged to lie down and elevate their legs to improve blood flow. Drinking water or sports drinks can also help to restore hydration and electrolyte balance.

See Also

• Heat stroke
• Heat exhaustion
• Heat cramps
• Syncope

Heat syncope Resources
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