Prophylactic mastectomy

Prophylactic Mastectomy is a surgical procedure that involves the removal of one or both breasts in an effort to prevent or reduce the risk of breast cancer. This procedure is often considered by individuals who have a high risk of developing breast cancer due to factors such as a strong family history of the disease or the presence of certain genetic mutations.

Indications

Prophylactic mastectomy is typically considered in individuals who have a significantly increased risk of developing breast cancer. This may be due to:

• A strong family history of breast cancer
• The presence of certain genetic mutations, such as BRCA1 or BRCA2
• A history of lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS), a condition that increases the risk of invasive breast cancer
• Radiation therapy to the chest before the age of 30

Procedure

The procedure involves the removal of all breast tissue that could potentially develop into cancer. This includes the lobules, ducts, fatty tissue and a portion of skin, including the nipple and areola. In some cases, a procedure called a nipple-sparing mastectomy may be performed, in which the nipple and areola are preserved.

Risks and Complications

As with any surgical procedure, prophylactic mastectomy carries potential risks and complications. These may include:

• Pain
• Infection
• Bleeding
• Swelling
• Changes in sensation in the chest
• Psychological and emotional effects

Alternatives

Alternatives to prophylactic mastectomy may include regular screening for breast cancer, taking medications to reduce the risk of the disease, or undergoing other types of surgery such as a lumpectomy.

See Also

• Breast Cancer
• Mastectomy
• BRCA1
• BRCA2

Prophylactic mastectomy Resources
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