Β-Lipotropin

β-Lipotropin is a protein that is synthesized and secreted by cells in the anterior pituitary gland. It is a precursor to several biologically active hormones, including endorphins and melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH).

Structure and Synthesis

β-Lipotropin is a 90 amino acid polypeptide that is derived from the 241 amino acid long pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) molecule. The synthesis of β-Lipotropin occurs in the corticotroph cells of the anterior pituitary gland, where POMC is cleaved into several smaller peptides, including β-Lipotropin.

Function

The primary function of β-Lipotropin is to act as a precursor to other hormones. It is cleaved by enzymes to produce several other hormones, including γ-Lipotropin, β-endorphin, and MSH. These hormones have a variety of functions in the body, including pain relief (β-endorphin), pigmentation (MSH), and lipid metabolism (γ-Lipotropin).

Clinical Significance

Abnormal levels of β-Lipotropin can be indicative of several medical conditions. Elevated levels can be seen in Cushing's disease, Addison's disease, and obesity. Conversely, decreased levels can be seen in hypopituitarism and malnutrition.

See Also

• Pro-opiomelanocortin
• Corticotroph cell
• Anterior pituitary