Acetoacetic acid

Acetoacetic acid is an organic compound that is a simple carboxylic acid. It is a colorless liquid that is classified as a ketone body. It is also known as diacetic acid.

Chemical Structure

Acetoacetic acid has the chemical formula CH3C(O)CH2COOH. It consists of two carbonyl groups, one of which is part of a carboxyl group. The molecule is planar in its most stable state.

Production

Acetoacetic acid is produced industrially by the reaction of acetic acid with sodium nitrate in the presence of a sulfuric acid catalyst. It can also be produced in the laboratory by the alkylation of sodium acetate with iodomethane.

Properties

Acetoacetic acid is a weak acid, with a pKa of 3.58. It is soluble in water and most organic solvents. It is a liquid at room temperature, with a boiling point of 140°C.

Uses

Acetoacetic acid is used in the production of various chemicals, including methyl ethyl ketone, acetic anhydride, and acetoacetate esters. It is also used in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and dyes.

Biological Significance

In the body, acetoacetic acid is one of three ketone bodies that are produced during ketosis. It can be converted into energy by the liver and brain when glucose levels are low.

Safety

Acetoacetic acid is corrosive and can cause burns if it comes into contact with the skin or eyes. It is also harmful if swallowed or inhaled.

See Also

• Acetic acid
• Ketone bodies
• Ketosis