Articulatio trochoidea

Articulatio Trochoidea is a type of synovial joint that allows for rotation around a single axis. This joint is also known as a pivot joint or rotary joint. The articulatio trochoidea is characterized by a ring that is formed by a bone and ligament, which rotates around a bony protrusion. This type of joint is found in the neck, allowing for the rotation of the head, and in the forearm, enabling the rotation of the radius and ulna.

Structure

The articulatio trochoidea consists of a bony pivot surrounded by an osteoligamentous ring. The ring is formed by the concave surface of a bone and a ligament. The pivot is a cylindrical bony process that is able to rotate within the ring. The joint is encapsulated by a fibrous capsule that is lined with synovial membrane, which produces synovial fluid to lubricate the joint.

Function

The primary function of the articulatio trochoidea is to allow for rotation around a single axis. This is achieved through the cylindrical pivot rotating within the osteoligamentous ring. The most notable examples of this type of joint are found in the neck and forearm. In the neck, the joint allows for the rotation of the head, while in the forearm, it enables the rotation of the radius over the ulna.

Clinical Significance

Injuries or diseases affecting the articulatio trochoidea can lead to limited rotation and mobility. Conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis can affect this joint, leading to pain and reduced function. In addition, fractures or dislocations can also impact the articulatio trochoidea, potentially requiring surgical intervention.

See Also

• Synovial joint
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Osteoarthritis