Bovine growth hormone

Bovine growth hormone (BGH), also known as bovine somatotropin (BST), is a peptide hormone produced by cows' pituitary glands. Like other hormones, it is produced in small quantities and is used in regulating metabolic processes.

Production and Function

BGH is produced in the pituitary gland of the cow. The hormone is a protein that is secreted into the bloodstream where it travels to the liver and stimulates the production of Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1). IGF-1 is responsible for the growth and development of all tissues, including the mammary glands that produce milk in cows.

Use in Dairy Farming

In the dairy industry, BGH is used to increase milk production in cows. This is achieved by injecting the cows with a synthetic version of the hormone, known as recombinant bovine growth hormone (rBGH) or recombinant bovine somatotropin (rBST). The use of rBGH has been controversial due to potential impacts on animal health and questions about the safety of milk from rBGH-treated cows.

Controversies

The use of rBGH in dairy farming has been the subject of controversy. Critics argue that its use can lead to health problems in cows, including an increased risk of mastitis, a painful infection of the udder. There are also concerns about the potential impact on human health, particularly whether consuming milk from rBGH-treated cows could increase the risk of cancer.

Regulation

The use of rBGH is regulated differently around the world. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved its use. However, it is banned in the European Union, Canada, and other countries due to animal and human health concerns.

See Also

• Hormones in animal farming
• Dairy farming
• Mastitis in dairy cattle