Lysis
(Redirected from Cell lysis)
Lysis is a process in biology where a cell breaks down, often by viral, enzymic, or osmotic mechanisms that compromise its integrity. A fluid containing the contents of lysed cells is called a "lysate".
Types of Lysis[edit | edit source]
There are several types of lysis, including:
- Osmotic lysis: occurs when a cell bursts due to an osmotic imbalance that has caused excess water to move into the cell.
- Cytolysis: occurs when a cell bursts due to chemical reaction.
- Oncolysis: refers to the destruction of neoplastic cells or of a tumour.
- Plasmolysis: is the contraction of cells within plants due to the loss of water through osmosis.
- Autolysis: is the destruction of cells through the action of their own enzymes.
- Apoptosis: is a form of programmed cell death or "cell suicide".
- Necrosis: is the death of cells or tissues from severe injury or disease, especially in a localized area of the body. Causes of necrosis include inadequate blood supply, bacterial infection, traumatic injury, and cancer.
Lysis in Pathology[edit | edit source]
In pathology, lysis refers to the breakdown of cells or tissues caused by disease. For example, hemolysis is the breakdown of red blood cells.
Lysis in Virology[edit | edit source]
In virology, lysis refers to the process by which a virus breaks open a cell and reproduces itself. This is known as viral lysis.
Lysis in Biochemistry[edit | edit source]
In biochemistry, lysis refers to the breaking down of a molecule or compound into smaller parts.
See Also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD