Communication

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Lasswell's model of communication

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Shannon-Weaver model of communication

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Schramm's model of communication

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Hermandad - friendship

Kathy Matayoshi and Mazie Hirono

Communication is the act of conveying meanings from one entity or group to another through the use of mutually understood signs, symbols, and semiotic rules. The main steps inherent to all communication are the formation of communicative motivation or reason, message composition (further internal or technical elaboration on what exactly to express), message encoding (for example, into digital data, written text, speech, pictures, gestures, and so on), transmission of the encoded message as a sequence of signals using a specific channel or medium, noise sources such as natural forces and in some cases human activity (both intentional and accidental) that transform the signals along the way, reception of signals, reassembling of the encoded message from a sequence of received signals, decoding of the reassembled message, and finally interpretation and understanding of the decoded message.

Types of Communication

Communication can be categorized into several types, including:

• Oral Communication - Involves conveying ideas, thoughts, or information via spoken language in face-to-face, telephonic, or digital mediums.
• Written Communication - This includes any message that makes use of the written word, such as books, emails, social media posts, and memos.
• Nonverbal Communication - The process of conveying a message without the use of words. This can include facial expressions, body language, gestures, and even the physical distance between the communicators.
• Visual Communication - The conveyance of ideas and information in forms that can be seen, such as graphs, charts, logos, and designs.
• Digital Communication - The exchange of information through digital platforms or devices like computers, phones, and tablets.

Elements of Communication

The communication process involves several key elements:

• Sender - The person or entity that initiates the message.
• Message - The information, idea, or feeling that the sender wishes to convey.
• Encoding - The process of turning the message into a form that can be transmitted.
• Channel - The medium through which the message is sent.
• Receiver - The person or entity for whom the message is intended.
• Decoding - The process by which the receiver interprets the sender's message.
• Feedback - The response of the receiver to the message, which can be verbal or nonverbal.

Barriers to Effective Communication

Several barriers can hinder the communication process, including:

• Noise - Any external or internal interference that distorts the message.
• Cultural Differences - Variations in cultural backgrounds can affect interpretation and understanding.
• Language Barriers - Differences in language or vocabulary can lead to misunderstandings.
• Emotional Barriers - Personal feelings or emotions that can affect how a message is received or interpreted.
• Physical Barriers - Physical obstacles that can impede or disrupt communication.

Importance of Communication

Effective communication is vital in various aspects of life, including personal relationships, education, and business. It enables individuals to express their needs, ideas, and emotions, and facilitates understanding, cooperation, and coordination among people.

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