Dextropropoxyphene

Dextropropoxyphene is a narcotic analgesic that was previously used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain. It is a synthetic opioid that is structurally related to methadone. Dextropropoxyphene was withdrawn from the market in many countries, including the United States, due to concerns about its safety and effectiveness.

Pharmacology

Dextropropoxyphene acts primarily as a mu-opioid receptor agonist. It also has weak norepinephrine reuptake inhibiting properties. The drug is metabolized in the liver, primarily by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, and its metabolites are excreted in the urine.

Medical uses

Dextropropoxyphene was used for the relief of mild to moderate pain, either alone or in combination with acetaminophen (paracetamol) or aspirin. It was also used as a cough suppressant and an antidiarrheal agent.

Side effects

Common side effects of dextropropoxyphene include dizziness, sedation, nausea, and vomiting. More serious side effects can include respiratory depression, cardiac arrhythmia, and seizures. Overdose can lead to severe respiratory depression and death.

History

Dextropropoxyphene was first synthesized in the United States in the 1950s. It was marketed under various brand names, including Darvon and Dolene. In 2010, the FDA requested that all products containing dextropropoxyphene be withdrawn from the market due to concerns about the drug's safety and effectiveness.

See also

• List of withdrawn drugs
• Opioid epidemic