Durians

Durian is the fruit of several tree species belonging to the genus Durio. Regarded as the "king of fruits," the durian is distinctive for its large size, strong odor, and thorn-covered rind. The fruit can grow as large as 30 centimeters (12 inches) long and 15 centimeters (6 inches) in diameter, and it typically weighs one to three kilograms (2 to 7 pounds). Its shape ranges from oblong to round, the color of its husk green to brown, and its flesh pale yellow to red, depending on the species.

Species

There are 30 recognized species of Durio, at least nine of which produce edible fruit. The most commonly consumed species is Durio zibethinus. Other species include Durio graveolens, Durio kutejensis, Durio oxleyanus, and Durio testudinarum.

Cultivation

Durian trees are large, growing to 25–50 meters (80–165 feet) in height depending on the species. The leaves are evergreen, elliptic to oblong and 10–18 centimeters (4–7 inches) long. The flowers are produced in three to thirty clusters together on large branches and directly on the trunk with each flower having a calyx (sepals) and five (rarely four or six) petals. Durian trees have one or two flowering and fruiting periods per year, although the timing varies depending on the species, cultivars, and localities.

Consumption

Durian is commonly eaten fresh or used to flavor a wide variety of savory and sweet edibles in Southeast Asian cuisines. The seeds can also be eaten when cooked. The flesh emits a distinctive odor, strong and penetrating even when the husk is intact. Some people regard the durian as having a pleasantly sweet fragrance, whereas others find the aroma overpowering and unpleasant. The smell evokes reactions from deep appreciation to intense disgust, and has been described variously as rotten onions, turpentine, and raw sewage.

Nutritional Value

Durian is a rich source of energy, vitamins, and minerals. It is particularly high in vitamin C, potassium, and dietary fiber. The fruit also contains a significant amount of fat compared to other fruits, which contributes to its creamy texture.

Cultural Significance

Durian holds a significant place in the culture of many Southeast Asian countries. It is often referred to as the "king of fruits" in these regions. The fruit is also subject to various taboos and customs. For instance, it is banned from certain hotels and public transportation systems due to its strong odor.

Related Pages

• Durio
• Durio zibethinus
• Southeast Asian cuisine
• Tropical fruit
• Fruit