Epidermal cell
Epidermal cell is a type of cell that makes up the epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin. These cells play a crucial role in the body's barrier function, protecting against environmental damage, pathogens, and water loss.
Structure[edit | edit source]
Epidermal cells are primarily composed of keratinocytes, which produce the protein keratin. This protein provides strength and durability to the skin. Other types of cells found in the epidermis include melanocytes, which produce the pigment melanin, and Langerhans cells, which are involved in the immune response.
Function[edit | edit source]
The primary function of epidermal cells is to form a barrier against the external environment. This barrier function is achieved through a process known as keratinization, in which keratinocytes at the base of the epidermis proliferate and move towards the surface, undergoing a series of changes that result in the formation of a tough, waterproof layer of dead cells.
In addition to their barrier function, epidermal cells also play a role in the immune response. Langerhans cells, for example, are able to capture and present antigens to T cells, triggering an immune response.
Clinical significance[edit | edit source]
Abnormalities in epidermal cells can lead to a variety of skin conditions. For example, overproduction of melanin by melanocytes can result in hyperpigmentation, while a lack of melanin can lead to hypopigmentation. Similarly, an overproduction of keratinocytes can lead to conditions such as psoriasis and skin cancer.
See also[edit | edit source]
This skin related article is a stub. You can help WikiMD by expanding it.
Navigation: Wellness - Encyclopedia - Health topics - Disease Index - Drugs - World Directory - Gray's Anatomy - Keto diet - Recipes
Search WikiMD
Ad.Tired of being Overweight? Try W8MD's physician weight loss program.
Semaglutide (Ozempic / Wegovy and Tirzepatide (Mounjaro / Zepbound) available.
Advertise on WikiMD
WikiMD is not a substitute for professional medical advice. See full disclaimer.
Credits:Most images are courtesy of Wikimedia commons, and templates Wikipedia, licensed under CC BY SA or similar.
Translate this page: - East Asian
中文,
日本,
한국어,
South Asian
हिन्दी,
தமிழ்,
తెలుగు,
Urdu,
ಕನ್ನಡ,
Southeast Asian
Indonesian,
Vietnamese,
Thai,
မြန်မာဘာသာ,
বাংলা
European
español,
Deutsch,
français,
Greek,
português do Brasil,
polski,
română,
русский,
Nederlands,
norsk,
svenska,
suomi,
Italian
Middle Eastern & African
عربى,
Turkish,
Persian,
Hebrew,
Afrikaans,
isiZulu,
Kiswahili,
Other
Bulgarian,
Hungarian,
Czech,
Swedish,
മലയാളം,
मराठी,
ਪੰਜਾਬੀ,
ગુજરાતી,
Portuguese,
Ukrainian
Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD