Ergoloid mesylate

Ergoloid Mesylates are a mixture of alkaloids derived from the ergot fungus (Claviceps purpurea). These compounds have been used in medicine since the 1950s for their vasodilatory and neuroprotective effects. Ergoloid mesylates are primarily prescribed for symptoms related to cerebral aging, such as cognitive decline, mood disturbances, and impaired cerebral circulation. They are also known by the trade name Hydergine among others.

Pharmacology

Ergoloid mesylates act on a variety of neurotransmitter systems in the brain, including serotonergic, dopaminergic, and adrenergic receptors. This broad spectrum of action contributes to their therapeutic effects, which include enhancing cerebral metabolism and increasing blood flow to the brain. Despite their long history of use, the exact mechanism of action of ergoloid mesylates remains not fully understood.

Clinical Uses

The primary indication for ergoloid mesylates is the management of symptoms associated with senile dementia and other forms of cognitive impairment in the elderly. While some studies have suggested modest benefits in terms of cognitive function and mood, the evidence is mixed, and their use in this context is somewhat controversial. Ergoloid mesylates are also used off-label for other conditions, including migraine headaches and recovery from ischemic stroke, although robust evidence supporting these uses is lacking.

Side Effects

Ergoloid mesylates are generally well tolerated, but side effects can occur. These may include nausea, stomach upset, dizziness, and headache. Due to their vasodilatory effects, they can also cause hypotension (low blood pressure), particularly in the elderly or in individuals taking other vasodilatory medications.

Contraindications

Ergoloid mesylates should not be used in individuals with known hypersensitivity to ergot derivatives, or in patients with severe hypertension or psychosis. Caution is advised when prescribing to patients with conditions that could be exacerbated by vasodilation.

Dosage and Administration

The dosage of ergoloid mesylates varies depending on the condition being treated and the individual patient's response to therapy. It is typically administered orally, with doses adjusted according to clinical response and tolerance.

History

Ergoloid mesylates were first synthesized in the late 1940s and have been used in clinical practice for over 70 years. Despite their long history, their popularity has waned in recent years due to the emergence of newer drugs with more specific actions and better-defined efficacy profiles.

Research

Research into ergoloid mesylates continues, particularly in the context of neurodegenerative diseases and conditions associated with cerebral vascular insufficiency. There is ongoing interest in their potential neuroprotective effects and their ability to improve cerebral blood flow and metabolism.