Ergot alkaloid

Ergot Alkaloids are a class of alkaloids derived from the fungus Claviceps purpurea, commonly known as the ergot fungus. They have a wide range of biological activities and have been used in medicine and other applications.

History

The history of ergot alkaloids dates back to the Middle Ages, when the ergot fungus was associated with outbreaks of ergotism, a serious disease that caused hallucinations, gangrene, and death. The active ingredients of the fungus were later identified as ergot alkaloids.

Chemistry

Ergot alkaloids are complex molecules that contain a common structure known as the ergoline ring. This structure is responsible for the biological activity of the alkaloids. There are several types of ergot alkaloids, including ergotamine, ergonovine, and lysergic acid.

Medical Use

Ergot alkaloids have been used in medicine for their effects on the nervous system and the circulatory system. They have been used to treat conditions such as migraine headaches, postpartum hemorrhage, and Parkinson's disease. However, their use is limited by their potential for serious side effects, including hallucinations and gangrene.

Other Uses

In addition to their medical uses, ergot alkaloids have been used in the production of psychedelic drugs, including LSD. They have also been used in research into the functioning of the nervous system.

Safety and Regulation

The use of ergot alkaloids is regulated by agencies such as the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the United States. These agencies set limits on the levels of ergot alkaloids that can be present in food and drugs, due to the potential for serious health effects.

See Also

• Alkaloid
• Ergotism
• Psychedelic drug