Euphorbia pulcherrima

Euphorbia pulcherrima, commonly known as the Poinsettia, is a species of flowering plant indigenous to Mexico and Central America. It is particularly well known for its red and green foliage and is widely used in Christmas floral displays.

Description

The Euphorbia pulcherrima is a shrub or small tree, typically reaching a height of 0.6–4 meters (2.0–13.1 ft). The plant bears dark green dentate leaves that measure 7–16 centimeters (2.8–6.3 in) in length. The colored bracts—which are most often flaming red but can be orange, pale green, cream, pink, white, or marbled—are often mistaken for flower petals because of their groupings and colors, but are actually leaves.

Cultivation and uses

The plant's association with Christmas began in 16th-century Mexico, where legend tells of a girl who was too poor to provide a gift for the celebration of Jesus' birthday. The tale goes that the child was inspired by an angel to gather weeds from the roadside and place them in front of the church altar. Crimson "blossoms" sprouted from the weeds and became beautiful poinsettias. From the 17th century, Franciscan friars in Mexico included the plants in their Christmas celebrations.

Toxicity

Euphorbia pulcherrima is not very toxic. The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA) reports that it can cause irritation to the skin or stomach and, in some cases, can cause vomiting if eaten.

See also

• Euphorbia
• Christmas in Mexico
• Flora of Mexico