Fetlock joint

Fetlock Joint

The Fetlock Joint is a critical anatomical structure in the limbs of equine species such as horses, donkeys, and zebras. It is a joint located between the cannon bone (third metacarpal or metatarsal bone) and the proximal phalanx, commonly known as the long pastern bone. The fetlock joint is analogous to the human ankle and foot, playing a crucial role in the animal's locomotion and weight-bearing.

Anatomy

The fetlock joint is a synovial joint, characterized by the presence of a fluid-filled joint capsule. It is a complex structure composed of several bones, ligaments, and tendons. The main bones involved are the distal end of the cannon bone, the proximal end of the long pastern bone, and the two sesamoid bones. The joint is stabilized by a network of ligaments, including the suspensory ligament and the distal sesamoidean ligaments.

Function

The primary function of the fetlock joint is to facilitate the movement of the horse's limbs and to absorb shock during locomotion. The joint flexes and extends as the horse moves, allowing for a range of motion necessary for various gaits. The fetlock joint also plays a significant role in the horse's ability to balance and bear weight.

Health and Disease

Due to its critical role in locomotion and weight-bearing, the fetlock joint is susceptible to various injuries and diseases. These include arthritis, fractures, and sprains. In particular, racehorses and other performance horses are at high risk of fetlock joint injuries due to the intense physical demands placed on their limbs.

Treatment and Care

Treatment for fetlock joint injuries and diseases typically involves rest, medication, and in some cases, surgery. Preventative care includes regular veterinary check-ups, proper shoeing, and appropriate training and exercise regimes.

See Also

• Horse anatomy
• Equine locomotion
• Equine anatomy
• Horse care