Gadus morhua

Gadus morhua, commonly known as the Atlantic cod, is a benthopelagic fish of the family Gadidae, widely consumed by humans. It is also commercially known as cod or codling.

Taxonomy

The scientific name of this species, Gadus morhua, was given by Carl Linnaeus in 1758. The genus name Gadus pertains to the family Gadidae, and morhua refers to its common name in Latin.

Description

Gadus morhua is characterized by its distinctive barbel on the chin, two dorsal fins, and one anal fin. The coloration can vary between individuals, from greenish to brownish or gray, depending on the environment.

Distribution and habitat

The Atlantic cod is found in the colder waters and deeper sea regions throughout the North Atlantic, including the Baltic Sea, the Barents Sea, the Gulf of Maine, the Gulf of St. Lawrence, and on the Scotian Shelf.

Life cycle

The life cycle of Gadus morhua involves several stages from egg to adult. The eggs are pelagic, the larvae are planktonic, and the juveniles are demersal. They mature at an age of 2-4 years.

Diet

The diet of Gadus morhua consists mainly of smaller fish, such as herring and capelin, and invertebrates, like crustaceans and mollusks.

Commercial importance

Gadus morhua has been an important economic species for centuries. It is caught for both commercial and recreational fishing. The flesh is white, low in fat, and has a mild flavor, making it a popular choice for culinary use.

Conservation status

The Atlantic cod is classified as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List due to overfishing. Conservation measures are in place in several regions to protect the species and ensure sustainable fishing practices.

See also

• Cod fishing
• Cod Wars
• Overfishing