Gammaglobulin

Gammaglobulin is a type of protein found in the blood. It is produced by the immune system to help fight infections. Gammaglobulins are a class of proteins that are made up of immunoglobulins, which are also known as antibodies.

Function

Gammaglobulins play a crucial role in the body's immune response by recognizing and binding to specific antigens, such as bacteria or viruses, and aiding in their destruction. They are produced by B cells and are found in the blood plasma and other body fluids.

Types

There are five main types of gammaglobulins, each with its own specific function. These include:

• Immunoglobulin G (IgG): This is the most common type of antibody. It can cross the placenta and provide immunity to the fetus.
• Immunoglobulin A (IgA): Found in areas of the body such as the nose, breathing passages, digestive tract, ears, eyes, and vagina.
• Immunoglobulin M (IgM): The first antibody the body makes when it fights a new infection.
• Immunoglobulin E (IgE): Associated with allergic reactions and parasites.
• Immunoglobulin D (IgD): The function of this antibody is not entirely clear.

Medical Uses

Gammaglobulin injections are used to boost the body's natural defense system against infection in patients with weakened immune systems. They are also used in the treatment of various autoimmune disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus.

Side Effects

Like all medications, gammaglobulin can cause side effects. These may include skin reactions at the injection site, fever, and nausea. More serious side effects can include kidney problems, blood clots, and severe allergic reactions.

See Also

• Immunology
• Antibody
• Immune system

Gammaglobulin Resources
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