Gastrulation
(Redirected from Gastrulated)
Gastrulation is a significant stage in the embryonic development of multicellular organisms. During this phase, the blastula is reorganized into a structure known as the gastrula. This process forms the three primary germ layers of the embryo: the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm.
Overview[edit | edit source]
Gastrulation varies in different species. In amphibians and birds, it involves a series of cell movements and invaginations. In mammals, gastrulation involves the formation of a blastocyst. Despite these differences, the end result across all species is the formation of the three germ layers.
Process[edit | edit source]
The process of gastrulation can be divided into several steps:
- Formation of the Primitive Streak: The primitive streak is a structure that forms in the blastula during the early stages of embryonic development. It is the site where cells will ingress and form the mesoderm and endoderm.
- Ingression of Cells at the Primitive Streak: Cells at the primitive streak undergo changes in shape and migrate inwards. This migration results in the formation of the mesoderm and endoderm.
- Formation of the Notochord: The notochord forms from mesoderm cells that have migrated along the primitive streak. The notochord plays a crucial role in the development of the nervous system.
- Neurulation: This is the process by which the neural plate, a region of ectodermal cells, develops into the neural tube. This tube will eventually form the brain and spinal cord.
Germ Layers[edit | edit source]
The three germ layers formed during gastrulation are:
- Ectoderm: This outermost layer develops into the skin, brain, and the nervous system.
- Mesoderm: This middle layer develops into the muscles, bones, and circulatory system.
- Endoderm: This innermost layer develops into the digestive system, lungs, and other internal organs.
See Also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
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