Trapezium (bone)

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(Redirected from Greater multangular bone)

Trapezium bone (left)01 palmar view.png
Trapezium bone (left) - animation01.gif
Trapezium bone (left) - animation02.gif
Trapezium bone.jpg
RightHumanPosteriorDistalRadiusUlnaCarpals - Trapezium bone.png
Trapezium
Gray227.png
Left hand anterior view (palmar view). Trapezium shown in yellow.
Gray228.png
Bones of the left hand. Volar surface. Trapezium shown in yellow.
Details
ArticulationsScaphoid bone, First metacarpal bone, Second metacarpal bone, Trapezoid bone
Identifiers
LatinOs trapezium
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FMA{{#property:P1402}}
Anatomical terms of bone
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The trapezium (also known as the greater multangular bone) is one of the eight carpal bones of the wrist. It is situated in the distal row of carpal bones and is the most lateral bone in this row. The trapezium is distinguished by its saddle-shaped articular surface, which articulates with the base of the first metacarpal bone (thumb), allowing for the wide range of motion of the thumb.

Anatomy[edit | edit source]

The trapezium is a small, irregularly shaped bone with several distinct surfaces:

Articulations[edit | edit source]

The trapezium articulates with four bones:

Function[edit | edit source]

The trapezium plays a crucial role in the mobility and stability of the thumb. Its saddle-shaped joint with the first metacarpal bone forms the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb, which is a biaxial joint allowing for flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and opposition of the thumb. This joint is essential for the thumb's wide range of motion and its ability to grasp and manipulate objects.

Clinical significance[edit | edit source]

Injuries or conditions affecting the trapezium can significantly impair thumb function. Common issues include:

  • Osteoarthritis of the carpometacarpal joint, which can cause pain and reduced mobility.
  • Fractures of the trapezium, which may occur due to falls or direct trauma to the wrist.

See also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD