Horner syndrome
Horner syndrome is a rare condition characterized by a combination of symptoms that occur due to the disruption of a nerve pathway from the brain to the face and eye on one side of the body. The primary symptoms of Horner syndrome include ptosis (drooping of the upper eyelid), miosis (constriction of the pupil), anhydrosis (decreased sweating), and enophthalmos (sinking of the eyeball into the face).
Causes[edit | edit source]
Horner syndrome can be caused by any interruption in the three-part nerve pathway that runs from the brain to the face and eye on one side of the body. This can occur as a result of a stroke, tumor, or spinal cord injury. It can also be caused by damage to the carotid artery, a major blood vessel that supplies blood to the brain, neck, and face.
Symptoms[edit | edit source]
The most common symptoms of Horner syndrome are:
- Ptosis: A drooping upper eyelid
- Miosis: Constriction of the pupil
- Anhydrosis: Decreased or absent sweating on the same side of the face as the other symptoms
- Enophthalmos: Sinking of the eyeball into the face
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
Diagnosis of Horner syndrome typically involves a physical examination and a detailed medical history. Additional tests may include a MRI or CT scan to identify any damage to the nerve pathways.
Treatment[edit | edit source]
Treatment for Horner syndrome focuses on addressing the underlying cause. If the cause is a tumor, for example, treatment may involve surgery, radiation, or chemotherapy. In some cases, no treatment is necessary, and the symptoms of Horner syndrome will resolve on their own.
See also[edit | edit source]
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