Kilimanjaro

Mount Kilimanjaro is a dormant volcano in Tanzania. It is the highest mountain in Africa, with its summit approximately 5,895 meters (19,341 feet) above sea level. Kilimanjaro is part of the Kilimanjaro National Park and is a major climbing destination.

Geography

Mount Kilimanjaro is composed of three distinct volcanic cones: Kibo, Mawenzi, and Shira. Kibo is the highest peak and the only one that is dormant, while Mawenzi and Shira are extinct. The mountain is located near the equator, yet it is known for its snow-capped summit.

Climbing Routes

There are several established routes to climb Mount Kilimanjaro, including:

• Marangu Route
• Machame Route
• Lemosho Route
• Rongai Route
• Umbwe Route
• Northern Circuit Route

Each route varies in difficulty, scenery, and duration, offering climbers a range of experiences.

Flora and Fauna

The mountain has five distinct ecological zones:

• Cultivation Zone
• Forest Zone
• Heather-Moorland Zone
• Alpine Desert Zone
• Arctic Summit

These zones support a variety of plant and animal life, including elephants, buffaloes, and various species of birds.

Cultural Significance

Mount Kilimanjaro holds significant cultural importance for the local Chagga people. It is also a symbol of Tanzania and features prominently in the country's tourism industry.

Conservation

Kilimanjaro is part of the Kilimanjaro National Park, which was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1987. The park is managed by the Tanzania National Parks Authority (TANAPA) and efforts are ongoing to preserve its unique environment.

Related Pages

• Volcano
• Tanzania
• Kilimanjaro National Park
• UNESCO World Heritage Site
• Chagga people