Kochia scoparia

Kochia scoparia, also known as summer cypress, burning bush, Mexican fireweed, or mock-cypress, is a hardy and adaptable annual plant species in the Amaranthaceae family. It is native to Eurasia but has become a problematic invasive species in many parts of North America.

Description

Kochia scoparia is a bushy plant that can grow up to 6 feet tall. It has a deep taproot and a branching stem that is either erect or ascending. The leaves are alternate, linear, and about 1 to 2 inches long. The plant produces small, greenish flowers from July to September. The fruit is a small, flattened, single-seeded achene.

Distribution and Habitat

Kochia scoparia is native to a large area of Eurasia, from Europe to Japan. It was introduced to North America in the late 19th century as an ornamental plant and has since spread across the continent. It is now found in every U.S. state except Hawaii. The plant is highly adaptable and can grow in a wide range of habitats, including disturbed sites, pastures, prairies, and roadsides.

Uses

In its native range, Kochia scoparia has been used for various purposes. The plant has been used as a forage crop for livestock, and its seeds have been used as a food source. In Traditional Chinese Medicine, the plant has been used to treat various ailments. However, the plant can accumulate high levels of nitrates and oxalates, which can be toxic to livestock if consumed in large quantities.

Invasive Species

In North America, Kochia scoparia has become a significant invasive species. It is a prolific seed producer, and its seeds can be spread by wind, water, and animals. The plant is also highly adaptable and can grow in a wide range of conditions, including areas with poor soil and low rainfall. This has allowed it to spread rapidly and outcompete native vegetation.

Control

Control of Kochia scoparia can be challenging due to its adaptability and prolific seed production. Methods of control include herbicide application, mowing, and burning. However, the plant has developed resistance to several commonly used herbicides.

See Also

• Invasive species in the United States
• List of invasive plant species in North America

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