L-asparaginase
L-asparaginase is an enzyme that is used as a medication and in food manufacturing. As a medication, it is used to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. It is given by injection into a vein, muscle, or under the skin. A pegylated version is also available.
Medical uses[edit | edit source]
L-asparaginase is used to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. It works by breaking down asparagine, a molecule that certain cancer cells need to survive. This can lead to the death of the cancer cells.
Side effects[edit | edit source]
Common side effects include allergic reactions, pancreatitis, blood clotting problems, high blood sugar, kidney problems, and liver dysfunction. Serious side effects may include anaphylaxis, blood clots, and pancreatitis. Use in pregnancy may harm the baby. L-asparaginase is an enzyme produced by E. coli or Erwinia chrysanthemi.
Mechanism of action[edit | edit source]
L-asparaginase works by hydrolyzing L-asparagine to L-aspartic acid and ammonia, thus depriving the cancer cells of asparagine. This is effective because certain leukemias require asparagine. Normal cells, however, are less affected by the depletion due to their ability to synthesize asparagine.
History[edit | edit source]
L-asparaginase was approved for medical use in the United States in 1978. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.
References[edit | edit source]
External links[edit | edit source]
- L-asparaginase at Drugs.com
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
