Lake urmia

Lake Urmia is an endorheic salt lake located in the northwestern region of Iran, in the province of West Azerbaijan. It is the largest lake in the Middle East and the sixth-largest saltwater lake on Earth.

Geography

Lake Urmia is situated between the provinces of East Azerbaijan and West Azerbaijan, and it is near the border of Turkey. The lake is surrounded by several mountain ranges, including the Sahand and Misho Mountains to the east and the Urmia Plain to the west.

Hydrology

Lake Urmia is an endorheic basin, meaning it does not drain towards the sea. The lake's water level has been decreasing for several decades due to a combination of prolonged drought, increased demand for the agricultural water and mismanagement.

Ecology

The lake is a significant habitat for several species of birds, including flamingos, pelicans, spoonbills, and gulls. It is also home to a unique species of brine shrimp.

Conservation

The Iranian government and several international organizations have undertaken conservation efforts to restore the lake and its surrounding ecosystem. These efforts include water management, habitat restoration, and community engagement.

Cultural significance

Lake Urmia has a rich cultural history and is a significant symbol in Persian literature. It is also a popular tourist destination, known for its therapeutic saltwater and beautiful landscapes.

See also

• List of saltwater lakes
• List of lakes of Iran
• Water resources management in Iran