Lateral tarsal arteries

Lateral Tarsal Arteries

The lateral tarsal arteries are a group of arteries located in the foot. They play a crucial role in the blood supply to the lateral aspect of the foot and ankle. In this article, we will explore the anatomy, function, and clinical significance of the lateral tarsal arteries.

Anatomy

The lateral tarsal arteries are branches of the dorsalis pedis artery, which is a continuation of the anterior tibial artery. There are usually two lateral tarsal arteries: the lateral tarsal artery proper and the arcuate artery.

The lateral tarsal artery proper arises from the dorsalis pedis artery just proximal to the base of the fifth metatarsal bone. It runs laterally across the foot, deep to the extensor digitorum brevis muscle. Along its course, it gives off several branches that supply the lateral aspect of the foot.

The arcuate artery is a smaller branch that arises from the lateral tarsal artery proper. It forms an arch-like structure around the cuboid bone and gives off branches to the lateral side of the foot.

Function

The lateral tarsal arteries supply oxygenated blood to the lateral aspect of the foot and ankle. They provide nourishment to the muscles, tendons, ligaments, and other structures in this region. The blood flow from these arteries is essential for maintaining the health and function of the lateral foot.

Clinical Significance

The lateral tarsal arteries can be affected by various pathological conditions, leading to potential clinical implications. Some of these include:

- Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD): PAD is a condition characterized by the narrowing or blockage of arteries, usually due to atherosclerosis. If the lateral tarsal arteries are affected by PAD, it can result in reduced blood flow to the lateral foot, leading to symptoms such as pain, numbness, and impaired wound healing.

- Foot and Ankle Injuries: Traumatic injuries to the foot and ankle can damage the lateral tarsal arteries, causing bleeding and compromising blood supply to the affected area. Prompt medical attention is necessary to prevent further complications.

- Surgical Interventions: Surgical procedures involving the foot and ankle may require ligation or manipulation of the lateral tarsal arteries. Surgeons must be cautious to preserve adequate blood supply to the lateral foot during these procedures.