Linkage studies

Linkage studies are a type of genetic study used to locate and identify genes associated with specific diseases. They are based on the concept of genetic linkage, which refers to the tendency of genes that are close together on a chromosome to be inherited together.

Overview

Linkage studies are often used in the field of medical genetics to identify genes that may be responsible for hereditary diseases. They are particularly useful for diseases that are caused by a single gene, such as cystic fibrosis or Huntington's disease. However, they can also be used for complex diseases that are influenced by multiple genes, such as diabetes or schizophrenia.

Methodology

The methodology of linkage studies involves comparing the genetic markers of affected and unaffected individuals within a family. Genetic markers are variations in the DNA sequence that can be used to track the inheritance of genes. If a particular marker is found more often in affected individuals, it suggests that the marker is linked to the disease-causing gene.

Limitations

While linkage studies have been instrumental in identifying many disease-causing genes, they also have limitations. For example, they can only identify genes that have a large effect on disease risk. They are also less effective for diseases that are influenced by environmental factors or that have a late onset, such as Alzheimer's disease.

See also

• Genome-wide association study
• Mendelian inheritance
• Genetic epidemiology

Linkage studies Resources
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