Lutheran

Lutheranism is a major branch of Protestant Christianity that identifies with the teachings of Martin Luther, a 16th-century German reformer. Luther's efforts to reform the theology and practice of the Roman Catholic Church launched the Protestant Reformation. The reaction of the government and church authorities to the international spread of his writings, beginning with the Ninety-Five Theses, divided Western Christianity.

History

The start of the Reformation, with the 95 Theses, is usually considered to have begun in 1517, although Luther did not convert to his new faith until 1521. His conversion was a key moment in the Reformation, marking the first time a significant figure had defected from the Church and survived.

Beliefs

Lutheranism advocates a doctrine of justification "by grace alone through faith alone on the basis of Scripture alone", the doctrine that scripture is the final authority on all matters of faith, denying the belief of the Catholic Church defined at the Council of Trent concerning authority coming from both the Scriptures and Tradition. In addition, Lutheranism accepts the teachings of the first seven ecumenical councils of the undivided Christian Church.

Practices

Lutheran worship is based on the principles of sacrament and liturgy. The sacraments of Baptism and Eucharist are considered of high importance. Lutherans believe that in the Eucharist, the body and blood of Jesus Christ are truly present "in, with, and under" the forms of bread and wine.

Global spread

Lutheranism is present on all populated continents with an estimated 80 million adherents, out of which 74.2 million are affiliated with the Lutheran World Federation.

See also

• Protestant Reformation
• Martin Luther
• 95 Theses
• Lutheran World Federation

Lutheran Resources
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