Lysergic acid amide

Lysergic Acid Amide (also known as ergine, LSA, and d-lysergic acid amide) is a naturally occurring psychedelic alkaloid of the lysergamide family. It is found in various species of vines of the Convolvulaceae plant family and in some species of fungi. LSA is chemically related to Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), but its psychoactive effects are considered much less potent and its pharmacological profile is somewhat different.

Chemistry

LSA is an amide derivative of Lysergic acid. Its chemical structure consists of a bicyclic core, featuring a tryptamine and a quinoline group, which is linked to a carboxamide group. The compound is chiral, with several stereoisomers existing, but the natural form is generally found as the (8β)-isomer.

Natural Sources

LSA is primarily found in the seeds of certain plants, notably those belonging to the morning glory family such as Ipomoea tricolor and Ipomoea violacea, and in the seeds of the Hawaiian baby woodrose (Argyreia nervosa). These seeds have been used traditionally by various indigenous cultures for their psychoactive properties.

Pharmacology

The pharmacological action of LSA is primarily through its interaction with serotonin receptors in the brain, particularly the 5-HT2A receptor, which is implicated in the regulation of mood, cognition, and perception. However, LSA also interacts with other serotonin receptors, contributing to its complex pharmacological profile.

Effects

The effects of LSA can vary significantly and are generally considered to be less intense than those of LSD. Users often report experiences of altered visual perception, euphoria, introspection, and altered thought processes. However, the effects can also include nausea, vasoconstriction, and an uncomfortable body load.

Legal Status

The legal status of LSA varies by country, but it is often regulated under laws pertaining to controlled substances due to its structural and functional similarities to LSD.

Research

Research into LSA has been limited compared to other psychedelics such as LSD and psilocybin. However, it has been studied for its potential therapeutic effects, including its use in psychotherapy and as a treatment for various psychiatric disorders.

See Also

• Psychedelic drug
• Hallucinogen
• Ergot alkaloids